Fig. 1

A Path Diagram of Trauma Predicting BPD Partially Mediated via Emotion Dysregulation Dimensions (PN=Physical Neglect, EN = Emotional Neglect, SA = Sexual Abuse, PA = Physical Abuse, EA = Emotional Abuse, BP 1 = Affective instability, BP 2 = Identity problems, BP 3 = Negative Relations, BP 4 = Self-harm. Measurement model parameters which were omitted here for a more clear and concise display. All parameters were significant except for three ED subconstructs. Parameters of the paths displayed via dotted lines were fixed. Double arrow lines stand for the covariances among subconstructs)