Fig. 2

Proportion and latency of initial saccades in patients with BPD and healthy volunteers in the brief condition. a. Mean proportion of initial saccades (in %, ± one standard error) to the eyes (left graph) and to the mouth (right graph) in patients with borderline personality disorder (BPD) and healthy volunteers (CON) in the brief condition (150 ms). The displayed graphs represent the significant group by presentation time interaction, with patients with BPD showing more initial saccades compared to healthy volunteers across all experimental conditions in the brief condition. Please note that only significant group differences are highlighted; refer to text and online supplement for further significant effects. * p < .05. b. Mean latency of initial saccades (in ms, ± one standard error) to the eyes (left graph) and the mouth (right graph) of patients with borderline personality disorder (BPD) and healthy volunteers (CON) in the brief condition (150 ms). The displayed graphs represent the significant group by initial fixation interaction, with patients with BPD showing faster initial saccades towards the eyes compared to healthy volunteers. Please note that only significant group differences are highlighted; refer to text and online supplement for further significant effects. * p < .05