Smartphone applications targeting borderline personality disorder symptoms: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Table 2 Outcome measures and groupings used in meta-analysis

Study	App of Interest	N	Control Condition	N	Length (weeks)	Outcome measures included in meta-analysis
Study	App of Interest	N	Control Condition	N	Length (weeks)	BPD-related outcomes	General psycho-pathology
[7]	Virtual Hope Box (+TAU)	50	EUC + TAU	55	12	BRFL, BSS	PSS
[18]	Tec Tec	33	Control TEC with neutral pictures	25	4	SITBI
[18]		44		52	4
[18]		51		58	4
[38]	RELAX (+AMT)	28	AMT	30	6	DAR-5, STAXI	PHQ-9
[47]	LifeApp’tite (+TAU)	60	TAU	69	~ 9.4	SSF-II-R	MDI
[67]	Ibobbly	31	Waitlist	30	6	DSI-SS; BIS-11	PHQ-9, K10

AMT Anger Management Treatment, BIS-11 Barratt Impulsiveness Scale-11 item, BRFL Brief Reasons for Living Inventory, BSS Beck Scale for Suicidal Ideation, DAR-5 Dimensions of Anger Reactions-5, DSI-SS Depressive Symptom Inventory-Suicidality Subscale, EUC Enhanced Usual Care, K10 Kessler Psychological Distress Scale-10-item, MDI Major Depression Inventory, PHQ-9 Patient Health Questionnaire-9, PSS Perceived Stress Scale, SITBI Self-Injurious Thoughts and Behaviors Interview, SSF-II-R Suicide Status Form II-Revised, STAXI State-Trait Anger Expression Inventory, TAU Treatment as Usual