Study | Outcome (Measures) | Age Group | % female | Therapeutic Intervention | Control Interventions | Dose / Duration | Drop-out | Eligibility Criteria (Recruitment Setting) | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Treatment | n | Treatment | n | Means | n | |||||
[2•] | SI (SIQ-HS), D (BDI II) | 15–18 yrs | 0% | Dialectical Behaviour Therapy for Adolescents | 10 | Mode Deactivation Therapy | 10 | 6 months | 0 | n. r. (residential care) |
[3•] | SI (HASS) | 10–18 yrs | 69% | Family-based Cognitive Behaviour Therapy | 89 | Enhanced Usual Care | 92 | 1 month | 21 | Presented to ED with a suicide attempt or SI (ED) |
[6•] | SH (interview developed in house) | 15–18 yrs | 75% | Cognitive Analytic Therapy | 35 | Good Clinical Care | 34 | 9 months | 8 | 2–9 DSM-IV criteria for BPD, and during childhood ≥1 of any personality disorder criteria, disruptive behaviour symptoms, depressive symptoms, low socioeconomic status, and abuse or neglect (ED, primary care, family, school or self-referral) |
[11•] | SH (SASII), SI (BSS) | 11–17 yrs | 89% | Family Therapy | 268 | Treatment as Usual | 210 | 6 months | 99 | ≥2 self-harm episodes and living with a primary caregiver willing to participate (mental health services) |
[14•] | SI (SIQ-JR), D (BDI-II) | 12–17 yrs | 83% | Attachment-Based Family Therapy | 35 | Enhanced Usual Care | 31 | 3 months | 13 | SI (SIQ-JR score ≥ 31) and depression (BDI-II ≥ 20) (primary care services and ED) |
[13•] | SI (SIQ), D (BDI-II) | 12–18 yrs | 82% | Attachment-Based Family Therapy | 66 | Family-Enhanced Nondirective Supportive Therapy | 63 | 4 months | 14 | SI (SIQ-JR ≥ 31) and depression (BDI-II ≥ 20) (ED, inpatient, mental health agencies, primary care services, schools, and community, or self-referral) |
[15•] | SI (SIQ), D (CES-D) | 12–17 yrs | 82% | Skills-based Treatment | 15 | Supportive Relationship Treatment | 16 | 6 months | 8 | Presented to ED or inpatient unit after a suicide attempt (ED and inpatient) |
[18•] | SI (SIQ), D (RADS-2) | 13–17 yrs | 67% | Internet-based Cognitive Behaviour Therapy | 19 | Enhanced Usual Care | 17 | 6 months | 4 | Suicide attempt within the past 3 months, or suicidal ideation (SIQ ≥ 41), alcohol or cannabis disorder, and lived with a caregiver willing to participate (inpatient) |
[23•] | SH (SH interview), SI (SIQ), D (MFQ) | 12–17 yrs | 89% | Eclectic Group Therapy | 181 | Enhanced Usual Care | 181 | 1.5 months | 7 | ≥ 2 episodes of SH within the past 12 months (mental health services) |
[29•] | SH (PHI), SI (SIQ), D (MFQ) | 12–16 yrs | 90% | Eclectic Group Therapy | 34 | Treatment as Usual | 34 | 1 month | 3 | ≥ 2episodes of self-harm in the past year, and ≥ 1 in the past 3 months (mental health services) |
[31•] | SI (SIQ), D (RADS-2) | 13–19 yrs | 82% | Internet-based Cognitive Behaviour Therapy + Treatment as Usual | 26 | Treatment as Usual | 24 | 2.5 months | 11 | Engaged with a well-being staff member, and any level of suicidal ideation in the last 4 weeks (secondary schools) |
Kaess et al., 2019 | SH (SITBI-G), D (BDI-II) | 12–17 yrs | 96% | Cognitive Behaviour Therapy (with elements of Dialectical Behaviour Therapy) | 37 | Treatment as Usual | 37 | 4 months | 2 | NSSI ≥5 times in the past 6 months, and ≥ 1in the past month. (inpatient, outpatient, and community notices) |
[38•] | SH (C-SSRS), SI (SIQ-R) | 12–18 yrs | 89% | As Safe As Possible Program (ASAP) + Treatment as Usual | 34 | Treatment as Usual | 32 | 3–4 h. + TAU | 6 | Presented to inpatient with recent SI or a recent suicide attempt (inpatient) |
[41•] | SH (CAFAS), SI (SIQ-JR), D (RADS) | 12–17 yrs | 68% | Psycho-educational social network intervention + Treatment as Usual | 113 | Treatment as Usual | 123 | ~ 1 h. + TAU | 102 | Suicide attempt or SI within the past month and score of 20 or 30 on the self-harm subscale of the CAFAS (inpatient) |
[40•] | SH (No. episodes) SI (SIQ-JR) | 13–17 yrs | 71% | Psychoeducational network intervention + Treatment as Usual | 175 | Treatment as Usual | 171 | ~ 1 h. + TAU/telephone calls | 92 | Suicide attempt or SI within the past month (inpatient) |
[39•] | SI (SIQ-JR), D (RADS-2) | 14–19 yrs | 80% | Motivational Interviewing | 27 | Enhanced Usual Care | 22 | ~ 1 h. + TAU | 3 | SI, a recent suicide attempt, or both depression and substance abuse (ED) |
[47•] | SH (No. episodes), SI (SIQ-JR) | 12–18 yrs | 95% | Dialectical Behaviour Therapy for Adolescents | 86 | Individual and Group Supportive Therapy | 87 | 6 months | 40 | ≥1 lifetime suicide attempts, suicidal ideation (≥24 SIQ-JR) in the past month, ≥3 lifetime SH, including 1 in the 12 weeks before screening, and ≥ 3 BPD criteria (ED, inpatient, outpatient, and community services) |
[51•] | SH (No. episodes), SI (SIQ-JR), D (MADRS) | 12–18 yrs | 88% | Dialectical Behaviour Therapy for Adolescents | 39 | Enhanced Usual Care | 38 | 4.75 months | 0 | ≥3 self-harm episodes, ≥1 within past 16 weeks; ≥2 DSM-IV BPD criteria (or 1, with ≥2 subthreshold-level criteria) (outpatient) |
[56•] | SH (No. episodes) | 12–18 yrs | 81% | Therapeutic Assessment | 35 | Assessment as usual | 34 | ~ 7 h. | 1 | Not engaged with psychiatric services, presented to emergency services with SH, and referred for psychosocial assessment (ED or community services) |
[59•] | SH (ASQ-R) | 12–17 yrs | 75% | Resourceful Adolescent-Parent Program | 22 | Treatment as Usual | 18 | 1.5 months | 8 | ≥1 episode of suicidal behaviour (SI, suicide attempt, or SH) within the past 2 months, living with 1+ parent, and a primary diagnosis of either major depression, posttraumatic stress disorder, or anxiety disorder (ED and primary care) |
[64•] | SH (RTSHI), D (MFQ) | 13–18 yrs | 85% | Mentalization-based Therapy for Adolescents | 40 | Treatment as Usual | 40 | 12 months | 37 | ≥1 episode of SH within the past month (community mental health services and ED) |
[65•] | SH (No. episodes) | 14–19 yrs | 88% | Emotion regulation group training (with elements of Cognitive Behaviour Therapy and Dialectical Behaviour Therapy) | 14 | Treatment as Usual | 17 | 4.25 months | 12 | Mood instability due to increased reactivity, two forms of potentially self-damaging impulsivity, recurrent SH, inappropriate, intense anger, or difficulty controlling anger (outpatient) |
[66•] | SH (No. episodes) | 14–19 yrs | 96% | Emotion regulation group training (with elements of Cognitive Behaviour Therapy and Dialectical Behaviour Therapy) | 48 | Treatment as Usual | 49 | 4.25 months | 9 | ≥2 DSM-IV BPD criteria (outpatient) |
[68•] | SI (BSS), D (BDI-II) | 12–18 yrs | 66% | Intensive Interpersonal Psychotherapy-Adolescent | 35 | Treatment as Usual | 38 | 1.5 months | 3 | Moderate-severe depression (BDI > 19), suicide ideation or previous suicidal attempt (BSS > 0), moderate-severe anxiety, or significant hopelessness in the past 2 weeks (secondary schools) |
[73•] | SH (interview;), SI (SIQ), D (MFQ) | 12–16 yrs | 78% | Eclectic Group Therapy | 32 | Treatment as Usual | 29 | 2 months | 1 | ≥1 SH episode in the past year and referred following an episode of SH (mental health services) |