Impulsivity dimensions, emotion dysregulation, and borderline personality disorder features among Italian nonclinical adolescents

Table 1 Descriptive statistics, univariate F tests, effect size estimates, and Bonferroni contrasts for the UPPS-P scales and difficulties in emotion regulation scale total score in the high BPD group (n = 29), average BPD group (n = 31), and low BPD group (n = 31)

	High BPD group		Average BPD group		Low BPD group
	(n = 29)		(n = 31)		(n = 31)
UPPS-P scales¹	M	SD	M	SD	M	SD	F	η ²
Negative Urgency	34.18*	6.50	28.35	5.63	22.57	5.74	19.10***^a	.38
Lack of Premeditation	24.29	6.28	23.46	5.49	22.83	5.86	0.31^a	.01
Lack of Perseverance	23.18	4.71	22.50	5.10	21.39	4.94	0.68^a	.02
Sensation Seeking	33.94	6.98	30.65	7.64	27.09	7.12	4.38^a	.12
Positive Urgency	39.71*	6.73	30.65	7.49	23.04	6.04	29.22***^a	.48
DERS Total Score	114.36*	21.53	93.20	14.24	77.30	13.70	35.60***^a	.46
DERS Total Score (age-adjusted)	113.42	16.50	93.79	16.41	77.58	16.37	34.27***^b	.45

Note. DERS Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale, BPD Borderline Personality Disorder.
¹One-way MANOVA Pillai V = .50, p < .001. ^aF (2, 88) tests based on one-way ANOVAs. ^bF (2, 87) test based on one-way ANCOVA.
*High BPD group mean score significantly different (i.e., p < .0083) from both control groups mean scores in Dunn-Bonferroni contrasts. Effect size estimates for Dunn-Bonferroni contrasts: 1. Negative Urgency, High BPD vs. Low BPD: t = 9.03, p < .001, d = 2.33; High BPB vs. Average BPD: t = 3.82, p < .001, d = 0.99. 2. Positive Urgency, High BPD vs. Low BPD: t = 9.03, p < .001, d = 2.33; High BPB vs. Average BPD: t = 4.83, p < .001, d = 1.25. 3. DERS total score, High BPD vs. Low BPD: t = 8.42, p < .001, d = 2.18; High BPB vs. Average BPD: t = 4.81, p < .001, d = 1.24.
***p < .001.

ISSN: 2051-6673